Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
48 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
48 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
type: "LegalText"
|
||
title: "28 U.S.C. § 1606"
|
||
description: "Extent of liability"
|
||
jurisdiction: "us"
|
||
corpus: "united_states_code"
|
||
kind: "code_section"
|
||
title_number: 28
|
||
title_name: "JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE"
|
||
chapter_number: "97"
|
||
chapter_name: "JURISDICTIONAL IMMUNITIES OF FOREIGN STATES"
|
||
section: "1606"
|
||
citation: "28 U.S.C. § 1606"
|
||
status: "current"
|
||
release_point: "119-100"
|
||
release_date: "2026-06-26"
|
||
source: "official"
|
||
source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc28@119-100.zip"
|
||
source_identifier: "/us/usc/t28/s1606"
|
||
source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-28/usc28.xml"
|
||
source_hash: "0164774edbcd30a1f7a4521b26e8cc3fd49d9a87d368da0bfc2eb0fe5e8fe931"
|
||
raw_snapshot_hash: "3390f867a2c02f5d0c496269da780795fe19663a090a3040c64a9ee0a541cdcf"
|
||
text_hash: "139794f98b1d9912ca1d4c959680e75d09f095614383bf737b266907afdb6c0f"
|
||
retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
|
||
confidence: "official"
|
||
tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
# 28 U.S.C. § 1606 - Extent of liability
|
||
|
||
## Text
|
||
|
||
As to any claim for relief with respect to which a foreign state is not entitled to immunity under section 1605 or 1607 of this chapter, the foreign state shall be liable in the same manner and to the same extent as a private individual under like circumstances; but a foreign state except for an agency or instrumentality thereof shall not be liable for punitive damages; if, however, in any case wherein death was caused, the law of the place where the action or omission occurred provides, or has been construed to provide, for damages only punitive in nature, the foreign state shall be liable for actual or compensatory damages measured by the pecuniary injuries resulting from such death which were incurred by the persons for whose benefit the action was brought.
|
||
|
||
(Added Pub. L. 94–583, § 4(a), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2894; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(h) [title I, § 117(b)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–480, 2681–491; Pub. L. 106–386, div. C, § 2002(g)(2), formerly § 2002(f)(2), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1543, renumbered § 2002(g)(2), Pub. L. 107–297, title II, § 201(c)(3), Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2337.)
|
||
|
||
## Notes
|
||
|
||
Editorial Notes
|
||
|
||
Amendments2000—Pub. L. 106–386, § 2002(g)(2), formerly § 2002(f)(2), as renumbered by Pub. L. 107–297, which directed repeal of section 101(h) [title I, § 117(b)] of div. A of Pub. L. 105–277, was executed by striking out “, except any action under section 1605(a)(7) or 1610(f)” after “punitive damages”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See 1998 Amendment note below. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277 inserted “, except any action under section 1605(a)(7) or 1610(f)” after “punitive damages”.
|
||
|
||
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
|
||
|
||
Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–277 applicable to any claim for which a foreign state is not immune under section 1605(a)(7) of this title arising before, on, or after Oct. 21, 1998, see section 101(h) [title I, § 117(c)] of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as a note under section 1610 of this title.
|
||
|
||
Effective DateSection effective 90 days after Oct. 21, 1976, see section 8 of Pub. L. 94–583, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title.
|